General Assembly
Agenda A: Alleviating Vaccine Nationalism
The entire international society is suffering from the COVID-19 pandemic, with more than 3.92 million being victims of the virus and facing death. According to the World Health Organization, over 21 million people were infected by the Coronavirus, and 25,000 more are additionally being infected every day. To consider not only the direct damage but the economic damage, the WHO states that the international society has lost a cumulative cost of more than 12 trillion dollars. The threat of the virus is still lasting within our society, and is expected to do more colossal damage to countries and societies worldwide as the pandemic continues.
Even though vaccines are being produced at a maximum speed, there is a limit on the total amount of vaccines, and not every country can obtain the moderate amount their society members need. In addition, the distribution of vaccines worldwide is becoming uneven. While 1.58 billion U.S citizens who constitute 48% of the total have been inoculated, only 7% of the citizens of Thailand were inoculated due to the lack of vaccine supply. The pandemic is starting to show a new form of inequality within countries, which can also be addressed as ‘Vaccine Nationalism’.
Agenda B: Protection of Cultural Property in Times of Armed Conflict
According to UNESCO, cultural property means ‘property which, on religious or secular grounds, is specifically designated by each State as being of importance for archaeology, prehistory, history, literature, art or science.’ The term generally refers to tangible properties such as historic buildings, works of art, or archaeological sites, as well as libraries and museums. Despite its historical and cultural value, lots of heritages were lost and damaged over the centuries, especially during wartime. The significance of legal protection emerged after World War II since various destruction took place in the form of theft, pillage, or misappropriation. Moreover, some cases were revealed as intentional demolition as a reprisal. Though legal frameworks were established since then, further enforcement is required to cease the loss of cultural heritage.
Agenda A: Alleviating Vaccine Nationalism
The entire international society is suffering from the COVID-19 pandemic, with more than 3.92 million being victims of the virus and facing death. According to the World Health Organization, over 21 million people were infected by the Coronavirus, and 25,000 more are additionally being infected every day. To consider not only the direct damage but the economic damage, the WHO states that the international society has lost a cumulative cost of more than 12 trillion dollars. The threat of the virus is still lasting within our society, and is expected to do more colossal damage to countries and societies worldwide as the pandemic continues.
Even though vaccines are being produced at a maximum speed, there is a limit on the total amount of vaccines, and not every country can obtain the moderate amount their society members need. In addition, the distribution of vaccines worldwide is becoming uneven. While 1.58 billion U.S citizens who constitute 48% of the total have been inoculated, only 7% of the citizens of Thailand were inoculated due to the lack of vaccine supply. The pandemic is starting to show a new form of inequality within countries, which can also be addressed as ‘Vaccine Nationalism’.
Agenda B: Protection of Cultural Property in Times of Armed Conflict
According to UNESCO, cultural property means ‘property which, on religious or secular grounds, is specifically designated by each State as being of importance for archaeology, prehistory, history, literature, art or science.’ The term generally refers to tangible properties such as historic buildings, works of art, or archaeological sites, as well as libraries and museums. Despite its historical and cultural value, lots of heritages were lost and damaged over the centuries, especially during wartime. The significance of legal protection emerged after World War II since various destruction took place in the form of theft, pillage, or misappropriation. Moreover, some cases were revealed as intentional demolition as a reprisal. Though legal frameworks were established since then, further enforcement is required to cease the loss of cultural heritage.
United Nations Human Right Council
Agenda A: Addressing Child Recruitment by Armed Forces
As armed conflict spreads throughout the world, a growing number of children are exposed to the savagery of war. In many countries, boys and girls are being conscripted into juvenile soldiers either forcibly or voluntarily by troops and armed groups. Children are often easily deceived or forced to accept recruitment. This is especially due to the poverty and discrimination these children face. Children are often kidnapped from school, on the street or from home. When voluntary or compulsory service begins, juvenile soldiers are used for a variety of duties. A large number of children are involved in combat or are placed into sexual slavery, spies, messengers, porters, or slaves, or the burial or removal of landmines. Many children take on several of these tasks at the same time.
Agenda B: Human Rights in 2021 Myanmar Coup d'Etat
This agenda demands the practical solution for the human rights of the Myanmar citizens during the military coup d’état. Since the military regime took over the control of Myanmar, human rights are seriously being violated and problems have come to a head. The military staged a coup after the defeat at the election by the pretense of election fraud. This is now the third coup d’état happening in Myanmar after 1988. The military violates human rights of the Myanmar citizens from this stage. Myanmar no more has the freedom of the press, freedom of the speech, freedom of movement to the people. More than 500 died during the movement and the internet and SNS has been blocked. Therefore, it is sure that there is no secure human right for the Myanmar citizens and that the problem needs to be solved as soon as possible.
Agenda A: Addressing Child Recruitment by Armed Forces
As armed conflict spreads throughout the world, a growing number of children are exposed to the savagery of war. In many countries, boys and girls are being conscripted into juvenile soldiers either forcibly or voluntarily by troops and armed groups. Children are often easily deceived or forced to accept recruitment. This is especially due to the poverty and discrimination these children face. Children are often kidnapped from school, on the street or from home. When voluntary or compulsory service begins, juvenile soldiers are used for a variety of duties. A large number of children are involved in combat or are placed into sexual slavery, spies, messengers, porters, or slaves, or the burial or removal of landmines. Many children take on several of these tasks at the same time.
Agenda B: Human Rights in 2021 Myanmar Coup d'Etat
This agenda demands the practical solution for the human rights of the Myanmar citizens during the military coup d’état. Since the military regime took over the control of Myanmar, human rights are seriously being violated and problems have come to a head. The military staged a coup after the defeat at the election by the pretense of election fraud. This is now the third coup d’état happening in Myanmar after 1988. The military violates human rights of the Myanmar citizens from this stage. Myanmar no more has the freedom of the press, freedom of the speech, freedom of movement to the people. More than 500 died during the movement and the internet and SNS has been blocked. Therefore, it is sure that there is no secure human right for the Myanmar citizens and that the problem needs to be solved as soon as possible.
Economic and Social Council
Agenda A: Alleviating the Social Instability of Burkina Faso
Burkina Faso has had a rise in tension and violence over the last few years. The Central Sahel region, including Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger, are facing attacks from Islamist armed groups and state security forces. The Central Sahel is recognized for assisting the expansion of Islamist armed groups associated with al-Queda and the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant. These groups attacked civilian infrastructures such as places of worship, health centers, and schools. In response, the Sahelian security forces have retaliated, brutal war crimes occurring simultaneously.
Agenda B: Addressing the Imbalance of Economic Recovery after Covid-19
Due to Covid 19, the world has gone through a great depression. Also known as the Great Lockdown, this depression has been the most severe repression since the ‘Great Depression’. Consumer activities and stock markets have stagnated, unemployment rates have increased, and most of the countries experienced a decrease in their GDP (Gross Domestic Production).
Agenda A: Alleviating the Social Instability of Burkina Faso
Burkina Faso has had a rise in tension and violence over the last few years. The Central Sahel region, including Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger, are facing attacks from Islamist armed groups and state security forces. The Central Sahel is recognized for assisting the expansion of Islamist armed groups associated with al-Queda and the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant. These groups attacked civilian infrastructures such as places of worship, health centers, and schools. In response, the Sahelian security forces have retaliated, brutal war crimes occurring simultaneously.
Agenda B: Addressing the Imbalance of Economic Recovery after Covid-19
Due to Covid 19, the world has gone through a great depression. Also known as the Great Lockdown, this depression has been the most severe repression since the ‘Great Depression’. Consumer activities and stock markets have stagnated, unemployment rates have increased, and most of the countries experienced a decrease in their GDP (Gross Domestic Production).
United Nations Security Council
Agenda A: The Conflict in Ethiopia's Tigray Region
Located in the Horn of Africa with an area of over a million square kilometers, Ethiopia is an extremely populous country and ranks 12th on the list of most populated countries in the world, and 2nd in Africa. The conflict going on in the northern region called Tigray has thrown the country into a dreadful crisis. Since November 2020, the fighting has left thousands of people dead and 350,000 in famine. The main reason for such a crisis is because of a power struggle between the government of Ethiopia and forces in the Tigray Region. Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed launched an attack in which he called the “law and order operation” to target domestic terrorists. This attack involved deployments of the Ethiopian National Defense Forces and aerial bombardments, creating a sense of disparity from a so-called domestic law enforcement operation in reality. By the end of November, federal forces took control of the Northern region’s capital and declared victory while creating over sixty thousand refugees and leaving nearly half a million people displaced.
Agenda B: Addressing the Situation of Militarization of the Arctic
The Arctic is located at the far north part of Earth. It consists of parts of Canada, Russia, Greenland, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Iceland, and the US. It has a climate of long winters and a cool summer that makes it hard for people to live. In the past, it was difficult for people to access the Arctic region and use it effectively. However, recent changes such as melting of glaciers due to global warming have increased the value of using Arctic resources.
The Arctic has become an area which is highly disputed. Since the Arctic does not have an owner by international law, the conflict is not getting solved. The Arctic area is highly rated because it has value in such factors like economic, environmental and military. As the Arctic ice melts and routes are being built, the economic feasibility in that aspect is increasing. Using the Arctic route as a seaway will shorten the distance of millions of miles and routes that were not explored will also begin to be used. The Arctic has a high economic value also as a part of natural resources. People say that about 13 percent of undiscovered oil and 30 percent of the gas is in the Arctic. Countries claim to own the Arctic on the basis of the United Nations Convention of the Law of the Sea. In a similar vein, the militarization of the arctic was promoted. In this context, countries have begun to assert the right to this territory to develop a military strategy for the war to control the new routes and expand the scope of the market and take advantage of the industrial revolution. Then, during World War II, the Arctic region became a strategic base for facilitating supplies between then-ally, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the United States of America. This short distance between the two adversaries (the Soviet Union and the United States) led to the militarization of the region, which in turn led to the development and presence of intercontinental ballistic missile systems, nuclear-powered attack submarines and preventive radar systems. Countries like Russia, USA or Canada are working to militarize the Arctic.
Agenda A: The Conflict in Ethiopia's Tigray Region
Located in the Horn of Africa with an area of over a million square kilometers, Ethiopia is an extremely populous country and ranks 12th on the list of most populated countries in the world, and 2nd in Africa. The conflict going on in the northern region called Tigray has thrown the country into a dreadful crisis. Since November 2020, the fighting has left thousands of people dead and 350,000 in famine. The main reason for such a crisis is because of a power struggle between the government of Ethiopia and forces in the Tigray Region. Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed launched an attack in which he called the “law and order operation” to target domestic terrorists. This attack involved deployments of the Ethiopian National Defense Forces and aerial bombardments, creating a sense of disparity from a so-called domestic law enforcement operation in reality. By the end of November, federal forces took control of the Northern region’s capital and declared victory while creating over sixty thousand refugees and leaving nearly half a million people displaced.
Agenda B: Addressing the Situation of Militarization of the Arctic
The Arctic is located at the far north part of Earth. It consists of parts of Canada, Russia, Greenland, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Iceland, and the US. It has a climate of long winters and a cool summer that makes it hard for people to live. In the past, it was difficult for people to access the Arctic region and use it effectively. However, recent changes such as melting of glaciers due to global warming have increased the value of using Arctic resources.
The Arctic has become an area which is highly disputed. Since the Arctic does not have an owner by international law, the conflict is not getting solved. The Arctic area is highly rated because it has value in such factors like economic, environmental and military. As the Arctic ice melts and routes are being built, the economic feasibility in that aspect is increasing. Using the Arctic route as a seaway will shorten the distance of millions of miles and routes that were not explored will also begin to be used. The Arctic has a high economic value also as a part of natural resources. People say that about 13 percent of undiscovered oil and 30 percent of the gas is in the Arctic. Countries claim to own the Arctic on the basis of the United Nations Convention of the Law of the Sea. In a similar vein, the militarization of the arctic was promoted. In this context, countries have begun to assert the right to this territory to develop a military strategy for the war to control the new routes and expand the scope of the market and take advantage of the industrial revolution. Then, during World War II, the Arctic region became a strategic base for facilitating supplies between then-ally, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the United States of America. This short distance between the two adversaries (the Soviet Union and the United States) led to the militarization of the region, which in turn led to the development and presence of intercontinental ballistic missile systems, nuclear-powered attack submarines and preventive radar systems. Countries like Russia, USA or Canada are working to militarize the Arctic.